CYBERSECURITY IMPLEMENTATION ASPECTS AT SHIPPING 4.0 AND INDUSTRY 4.0 CONCEPTS REALIZATION

Abstract

Last few years took place true jump in approaches to developing, control and exploitation of different complex technical systems. In industry, transport, energetic and so on data exchange technologies, based on Industry 4.0, IoT, IIoT, Shipping 4.0, etc. concepts are implementing very actively. In maritime branch information technologies became inextricably linked to the classical approaches and allow to perform intelligent remote control and create fully unmanned objects and complex technical systems.

So, some companies have founded Unmanned Cargo Ship Development Alliance; newly developed Distributed Intelligent Vessel Components software, which provides new protocol for devices connecting and data transferring; recently created Advanced Autonomous Waterborne Applications Initiative autonomous ship research project and Maritime Autonomous Surface Ships direction.

It's possible to highlight following ship automation levels.

1. Ship can be controlled remotely.

2. Ship may work in unmanned mode partly or periodically.

3. Ship may perform self-driving with operator help, if necessary.

4. Additionally to the level 3, self-driving possible without operator's intrusion.

5. Fully unmanned ship with the same functionality and possibilities as classic ship.

But complexity and vulnerability for external intrusion of such ships is also growing enormously. So, in 2017 and 2018 years at least two large shipping companies were attacked by hackers and had to stop significant part of business activity and lost huge amounts. That's why the task of cybersecurity providing, including highly productive firewalls implementing, is very actual.

Ways of modern concepts and technologies implementing in maritime branch are briefly analyzed. Possible levels of ships' autonomy and automation with most modern technical decisions are shown. Existing problems and vulnerabilities of highly automated ships are described. Approach on vulnerabilities influence minimizing with firewalls using is proposed.