Silymarin promotes wound healing through regulating epithelial-mesenchymal transition in rat model: Histopathological and immunohistochemical evidences
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https://doi.org/10.26900/hsq.2364Keywords:
Silymarin, wound healing, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, cadherin, NfκBAbstract
The wound is the disruption of the normal structure, integrity, and function of the skin and subcutaneous tissue. It is known that current wound management strategies applied in the treatment of acute and chronic wounds both cause an increase in health costs and do not achieve the desired level of success. Therefore, more effective and easily applicable treatment methods are needed. SM is an agent known to have hepatoprotective, anticancer, antidiabetic, cardioprotective, neuroprotective, antimicrobial and antioxidant effects. And it is also used in dermatological applications. However, the therapeutic effects of Silymarin (SM) on wound healing are still unknown. In this study, the effects of SM were investigated by comparing it with dexpanthenol (Dxp), whose favorable effects on wound healing are known. Sham, Dxp, and SM groups were formed. 18 animals were used for each group. Two circular full-thickness skin wounds were taken from the nape of the neck (1.5 cm) using a six-mm punch biopsy tool. SM and Dxp was applied once daily for 15 days, in sufficient amounts to cover the entire wound and the effects of the drugs were investigated immunohistochemically on the 5th, 10th, and 15th days in rats. Inflammation, collagenization and epithelialization were evaluated in histochemical H-E and Masson trichrome staining. E-cadherin, N-cadherin, Occludin, Vimentin, FGF-1 and MMP-9 expression levels were examined immunohistochemically. Based on histological and immunohistochemical results, SM and Dxp enhanced epithelialization and reduced inflammation more than the sham group. Furthermore, there was no significant difference in the effects on the epithelialmesenchymal transition between SM and Dxp. Results indicated that SM is a useful therapeutic agent at least as much as Dxp in wound healing. The wound re-epithelization and anti-inflammatory effects of SM may be a new approach to the treatment of wound healing.
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