Violence against women during the pandemic from the viewpoint of a tertiary forensic medicine clinic
Abstract views: 123
/ 
PDF downloads: 114
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26900/hsq.2083Keywords:
clinical forensic medicine, violence against women, domestic violence, COVID-19Abstract
COVID-19 pandemic and measures to combat the pandemic caused an increase in the risk of violence against women. In this study, it was aimed to examine the change in violence crimes against women evaluated in a tertiary forensic medicine clinic over a two-year period by focusing on periods of lockdown and domestic violence. Victims of violence against women who admitted to our center between 01/01/2020 and 12/31/2021 were included in the study. Patient files and forensic reports were used to acquire information regarding the age, date of the incident, relationship of the offender, type of incident, usage of weapons, injuries sustained, and if the incident was domestic violence. The ages of 121 cases evaluated ranged from 10 to 88 years, and the mean age was 36.1 (SD=17.6) years. When the mean number of incidents per day was examined, it was shown that cases of domestic violence were most common during the lockdown period. When all cases were considered together, it was shown that the highest mean number of cases occurred in the first days following the restrictions. Violence against women increased during the periods of the pandemic. In cases of domestic violence, as expected, the most significant rise occurred during lockdown periods. The 24-hour period following the lockdown application has been identified as the most intensive time of violence against women during the pandemic.
Downloads
References
Krantz G, Garcia-Moreno C. Violence against women. J Epidemiol Community Health. 2005;59(10):818-21. doi: 10.1136/jech.2004.022756.
Ebert C, Steinert JI. Prevalence and risk factors of violence against women and children during COVID-19, Germany. Bull World Health Organ. 2021;99(6):429-38. doi: 10.2471/BLT.20.270983.
Caridade SMM, Saavedra R, Ribeiro R, Oliveira AC, Santos M, Almeida IS, et al. Remote support to victims of violence against women and domestic violence during the COVID-19 pandemic. J Adult Prot. 2021;23(5):302-16. doi: 10.1108/JAP-04-2021-0015.
Esposito M, Salerno M, Scoto E, Di Nunno N, Sessa F. The impact of the covid-19 pandemic on the practice of forensic medicine: an overview. Healthcare (Basel). 2022;10(2):319. doi: 10.3390/healthcare10020319.
López Steinmetz LC, Fong SB, Godoy JC. Suicidal risk and impulsivity‐related traits among young Argentinean college students during a quarantine of up to 103‐day duration: Longitudinal evidence from the COVID‐19 pandemic. Suicide LifeThreatening Behav. 2021;51(6):1175-88. doi: 10.1111/sltb.12799.
Cobo A, Porras-Segovia A, Pérez-Rodríguez MM, Artés-Rodríguez A, Barrigón ML, Courtet P, et al. Patients at high risk of suicide before and during a COVID-19 lockdown: ecological momentary assessment study. BJPsych Open. 2021;7(3):e82. doi: 10.1192/bjo.2021.43.
Romito P, Pellegrini M, Saurel-Cubizolles M-J. Intimate partner violence against women during the covid-19 lockdown in Italy: a multicenter survey involving anti-violence centers. Violence Against Women. 2022;28(9):2186-203. doi:10.1177/10778012221079374.
Akel M, Berro J, Rahme C, Haddad C, Obeid S, Hallit S. Violence against women during Covid-19 pandemic. J Interpers Violence. 2022;37(13-14):NP12284-309. doi: 10.1177/0886260521997953.
Noman AHM, Griffiths MD, Pervin S, Ismail MN. The detrimental effects of the Covid-19 pandemic on domestic violence against women. J Psychiatr Res. 2021;134:111-2. doi: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2020.12.057.
Rayhan I, Akter K. Prevalence and associated factors of intimate partner violence (IPV) against women in Bangladesh amid COVID-19 pandemic. Heliyon. 2021;7(3):e06619. doi: 10.1016/j. heliyon.2021.e06619.
Mazza M, Marano G, Lai C, Janiri L, Sani G. Danger in danger: Interpersonal violence during Covid-19 quarantine. Psychiatry Res. 2020;289:113046. doi:10.1016/J.PSYCHRES.2020.113046.
Gebrewahd GT, Gebremeskel GG, Tadesse DB. Intimate partner violence against reproductive age women during Covid-19 pandemic in northern Ethiopia 2020: a community-based crosssectional study. Reprod Health. 2020;17(1):152. doi: 10.1186/s12978-020-01002-w.
Akalin A, Ayhan F. intimate partner violence against women in Turkey during the Covid‐19 pandemic. Issues Ment Health Nurs. 2022;43(1):68-75. doi: 10.1080/01612840.2021.1949764.
Valencia Londoño PA, Nateras González ME,Bruno Solera C, Paz PS. The exacerbation of violence against women as a form of discrimination in the period of the Covid-19 pandemic. Heliyon. 2021;7(3):e06491. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e06491.
Mahmood KI, Shabu SA, M-Amen KM, Hussain SS, Kako DA, Hinchliff S, et al. The impact of Covid-19 related lockdown on the prevalence of spousal violence against women in kurdistan region of Iraq. J Interpers Violence. 2022;37(13-14):NP11811-35. doi: 10.1177/0886260521997929.
Viero A, Barbara G, Montisci M, Kustermann K, Cattaneo C. Violence against women in the Covid-19 pandemic: A review of the literature and a call for shared strategies to tackle health and social emergencies. Forensic Sci Int. 2021;319:110650. doi: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2020.110650.
Sánchez OR, Vale DB, Rodrigues L, Surita FG. Violence against women during the Covid‐19 pandemic: An integrative review. Int J Gynecol Obstet. 2020;151(2):180-7. doi: 10.1002/ijgo.13365.
Vives-Cases C, Parra-Casado D La, Estévez JF, Torrubiano-Domínguez J, Sanz-Barbero B. Intimate partner violence against women during the Covid-19 lockdown in Spain. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021;18(9):4698. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18094698.
Adibelli D, Sümen A, Teskereci G. Domestic violence against women during the Covid-19 pandemic: Turkey sample. Health Care Women Int. 2021;42(3):335-50. doi: full/10.1080/07399332 .2021.1885408.
Bellizzi S, Nivoli A, Lorettu L, Farina G, Ramses M, Ronzoni AR. Violence against women in Italy during the Covid‐19 pandemic. Int J Gynecol Obstet. 2020;150(2):258-9. doi: 10.1002/ijgo.13270.
Mittal S, Singh T. Gender-based violence during Covid-19 pandemic: a mini-review. Front Glob Women’s Heal. 2020;1. doi: 10.3389/fgwh.2020.00004.
Ozgurluk I, Tastekin B, Hira SY, Gungorer B, Hekimoglu Y, Keskin HL, et al. Assessment of the COVID-19 Pandemic’s impact on physical intimate partner violence against pregnant women in Ankara (Turkey): A hospital-based study. I Int J Womens Health. 2023;15:1161-9. doi: 10. 2147/IJ WH. S419014.
Jang B, Mezrich JL. The impact of Covid-19 quarantine efforts on emergency radiology and trauma cases. Clin Imaging. 2021;77:250-3. doi: 10.1016/J.CLINIMAG.2021.04.027.
Maleitzke T, Pumberger M, Gerlach UA, Herrmann C, Slagman A, Henriksen LS, et al. Impact of the Covid-19 shutdown on orthopedic trauma numbers and patterns in an academic Level I Trauma Center in Berlin, Germany. PLoS One. 2021;16(2):e0246956. doi: 10.1371/journal. pone.0246956.
Ditekemena JD, Luhata C, Mavoko HM, Siewe Fodjo JN, Nkamba DM, Van Damme W, et al. Intimate partners violence against women during a Covid-19 lockdown period: results of an online survey in 7 provinces of the Democratic Republic of Congo. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021;18(10):5108. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18105108.
Ribeiro-Junior MAF, Néder PR, Augusto SS, Elias YGB, Hluchan K, Santo-Rosa OM. Current state of trauma and violence in São Paulo -Brazil during the Covid-19 pandemic. Rev Col Bras Cir. 2021;48. doi: 10.1590/0100-6991e-20202875.
Nittari G, Sagaro GG, Feola A, Scipioni M, Ricci G, Sirignano A. First surveillance of violence against women during Covid-19 lockdown: experience from “Niguarda” hospital in Milan, Italy. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021;18(7):3801. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18073801.
Anadolu Ajansı. İstanbul’da kısıtlama sonrası trafikte oluşan yoğunluk sürüyor [Internet]. 2021 [cited 2023 Apr 15]. Available from: https://www.aa.com.tr/tr/turkiye/istanbulda-kisitlama-sonrasitrafikte-olusan-yogunluk-suruyor/2097456
BirGün Gazetesi. Aylar sonra kısıtlamasız ilk hafta sonu: Yurttaş kendini sokağa attı [Internet]. 2021 [cited 2023 Apr 15]. Available from: https://www.birgun.net/haber/aylar-sonra-kisitlamasizilk-hafta-sonu-yurttas-kendini-sokaga-atti-336570
Venter ZS, Barton DN, Gundersen V, Figari H, Nowell MS. Back to nature: Norwegians sustain increased recreational use of urban green space months after the Covid-19 outbreak. Landsc Urban Plan. 2021;214:104175. doi: 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2021.104175.
Cavlak M, Ar Mutlu ND, Balseven Odabaşı A, Paksoy Erbaydar N. Analyzing two decades of intimate partner femicide-suicides in Türkiye. J Forensic Leg Med. 2023;94:102485. doi: 10.1016/j.jflm.2023.102485.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Holistence Publications
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
When the article is accepted for publication in the HSQ authors transfer all copyright in the article to the Holistence Academy Ar-Ge Yazılım Yayıncılık Eğitim Danışmanlık ve Organizasyon Ticaret Ltd. Şti.The authors reserve all proprietary right other than copyright, such as patent rights.
Everyone who is listed as an author in this article should have made a substantial, direct, intellectual contribution to the work and should take public responsibility for it.
This paper contains works that have not previously published or not under consideration for publication in other journals.
