Reflection of adolescent-to-parent violence in media news in Turkey
Özet Görüntüleme: 213 / PDF İndirme: 146
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26809/joa.2006Anahtar Kelimeler:
Adolescent-to-Parent Violence- Adolescents- Parents- Media- NewsÖzet
This study aims to analyze how news about adolescent-to parent violence is reflected in the media. Certain phrases that define adolescent-to-parent violence were identified and searched on Google search engine. The news between 2018 and 2022 was scanned by applying the time filter. The news were evaluated in terms of the scope, the socio demographic correlations, and the causes of adolescent-to parent violence. Descriptive statistics was expressed as mean±standard deviation and median. Categorical parameters were represented with frequency and percentage values. The Chi-Square test were used for standard statistical analyses. A p value of <0.05 was considered ‘statistically significant’. Between 2018 and 2022, a total of 58 individual news were identified. It was found that the majority of adolescents were male while the majority of parent-victims were fathers, and that adolescents had a high rate of using firearms in cases of violence that were usually due to an altercation. Inconsistencies between different media sources regarding their coverage of the incidents, which would lead to violations of the rights of adolescents and parent-victims, have been determined. The study showed that although the causes of adolescent-to-parent violence differ, it is apparent that adolescents use violence commonly as a way of solving their problems. Since no studies specific to adolescent-to-parent violence conducted in Turkey could be found, it can be concluded that there is a need for studies that will provide healthy and accurate data on the dimension, frequency and variables of the problem. In addition, it is suggested that the media can play an important role in preventing the violence in general through accurate, complete, impartial and responsible reporting.
İndirmeler
Referanslar
ANDERSON, C.A., SHIBUYA, A., IHORI, N., SWING, E.L., BUSHMAN, B.J., SAKAMOTO, A., ROTHSTEIN, H.R. & SALEEM, M. (2010). Violent Video Game Effects on Aggression, Empathy, and Prosocial Behavior in Eastern and Western Countries: A Meta-Analytic Review. Psychol Bull.. 136(2), 151–173. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0018251
AMERICAN PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION. (2013). Violence in the Media: Psychologists Study Potential Harmful Effects [online]. https://www.apa.org/topics/video-games/violence-harmful-effects [Date Accessed: 15/9/2022].
ARIAS-RIVERA, S., HIDALGO, V. & LORENCE, B. (2020). A Scoping Study on Measures of Child-to-Parent Violence. Aggression and Violent Behavior. 52, Article 101426. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.avb.2020.101426
AVCI HASKAN, Ö. & YILDIRIM, İ. (2014). Ergenlerde Şiddet Eğilimi, Yalnızlık ve Sosyal Destek. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi. 29(1), 157-168.
BECKMAN, L., BERGMANN, M.C., FISCHER, F. & MÖßLE, T. (2017). Risk and Protective Factors of Child-to-Parent Violence: A Comparison Between Physical and Verbal Aggression. Journal of Interpersonal Violence. 36(3-4), NP1309-1334NP. https://doi.org/10.1177/0886260517746129
BOBIC, N. (2002). Adolescent Violence Against Parents: Myths and Realities [online]. Rosemount Youth & Family Services. http://burnside.slimlib.com.au:81/docs/Parent_abuse.pdf [Date Accessed: 4/9/2022].
BRUCE, J. (2011). Violence Against Adolescent Girls: A Fundamental Challenge to Meaningful Equality. Population Council and UN Adolescent Girl Task Force. https://www.popcouncil.org/uploads/pdfs/2012PGY_GirlsFirst_Violence.pdf
CALVETE, E., GAMEZ-GUADIX, M., ORUE, I., GONZALEZ-DIEZ, Z., LOPEZ DE ARROYABE, E., SAMPEDRO, R., PEREIRA, R., ZUBIZARRETA, A. & BORRAJO, E. (2013). Brief Report: The Adolescent Child-to-Parent Aggression Questionnaire: An Examination of Aggressions Against Parents in Spanish Adolescents. J Adolesc. 36(6):1077-1081. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adolescence
CALVETE, E., ORUE, I., GAMEZ-GUADIX, M. & BUSHMAN, B.J. (2015). Predictors of Child-to-Parent Aggression: A 3-Year Longitudinal Study. Dev. Psychol. 51(5), 663–676. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0039092
CENTERS FOR DISEASE CONTROL AND PREVENTION. (2022). Youth Violence. https://www.cdc.gov/violenceprevention/youthviolence/index.html [Date Accessed: 25/9/2022].
COMMONWEALTH COMMISSION ON RESPECT AND UNDERSTANDING. (2011). The Role of the Media and Communication. 95-99 In: Peace and Democratic Society. Ed: A. SEN. Open Book Publishers Commonwealth. https://doi.org/10.11647/OBP.0014.08
CONTRERAS, L., BUSTOS-NAVARRETE, C. & CANO-LOZANO, M.C. (2019). Child-to-Parent Violence Questionnaire (CPV-Q): Validation Among Spanish Adolescents. International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology. 19(1), 67-74. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijchp.2018.09.001
CONTRERAS, L., CANO-LOZANO, M.C., RODRÍGUEZ-DÍAZ, F.J. & SIMMONS, M. (2021) Editorial: Child-to-Parent Violence: Challenges and Perspectives in Current Society. Front. Psychol. 12:699072. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.699072
COUNCIL ON COMMUNICATIONS AND MEDIA. (2009). From the American Academy of Pediatrics: Policy Statement-Media Violence. Pediatrics. 124(5), 1495–1503. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2009-2146
EDENBOROUGH, M., WILKES, L.M. & MANNIX, J. (2011). Development and Validation of the Child-to- Mother Violence Scale. Nurse Researcher. 18(2), 63–76. https://doi.org/10.7748/nr2011.01.18.2.63.c8285
ENGEL, D., VYAS, S., CHALASANI, S., LUNA, J.R. & ROBINSON, A. (2022). Violence Against Adolescents: Prevention Must Cross the Divide Between Children and Women. BMJ. 379:e067682. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj-2021-067682
FURLOW, B. (2017). Media Violence and Youth Aggression. Lancet Child & Adolescent Health. 1(2), 91-92. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2352-4642(17)30033-0
GÁMEZ-GUADIX, M. & CALVETE, E. (2012). Child-to-Parent Violence and Its Association with Exposure to Marital Violence and Parent-to Child Violence. Psicothema. 24, 277–283. https://doi.org/10.2478/9788395609596-020
GENÇ, Y., TAYLAN, H.H., ADIGÜZEL, Y. & KUTLU, İ. (2017). Aile İçi Şiddetin Ergenlerin Şiddet Eğilimlerine Etkisi: Antalya Liseleri Örneği. Sakarya University Journal of Education. 7(2), 409-422. https://doi.org/10.19126/suje.311083
GENÇOĞLU, C., KUMCAĞIZ, H. & ERSANLI, K. (2014). Ergenlerin Şiddet Eğilimine Etki Eden Ailevi Faktörler. Journal of Turkish Studies. 9(2), 639-652. http://dx.doi.org/10.7827/TurkishStudies.6208
GENTILE, D.A. & BUSHMAN, B.J. (2012). Reassessing Media Violence Effects Using a Risk and Resilience Approach to Understanding Aggression. Psychology of Popular Media Culture. 1(3), 138-151. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0028481
HARBIN, H.T. & MADDEN, D.J. (1979). Battered Parents: A New Syndrome. The American Journal of Psychiatry. 136(10), 1288–1291. https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.136.10.1288
HOWARD, J. (2011). Adolescent Violence in the Home-The Missing Link in Family Violence Prevention and Response [online]. https://sfv.org.au/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/Adolescent-violence-in-the-home.pdf [Date Accessed: 22/9/2022].
HUGHES, K., BELLIS, M.A., HARDCASTLE, K.A., SETHI, D., BUTCHART, A., MIKTON, C., JONES, L. & DUNNE, M.P. (2017). The Effect of Multiple Adverse Childhood Experiences on Health: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. The Lancet Public Health. 2(8), e356-e366. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-2667(17)30118-4
IBABE, I. (2019). Adolescent-to-Parent Violence and Family Environment: The Perceptions of Same Reality? Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health. 16(12), 2215. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16122215
IBABE, I. (2020). A Systematic Review of Youth-to-Parent Aggression: Conceptualization, Typologies, and Instruments. Front Psychol. 11, 577757. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.5777573240–3258
IBABE, I., JAUREGUIZAR, J. & BENTLER, P.M. (2013). Risk Factor for Child-to-Parent Violence. J Fam Viol. 28, 523-534. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10896-013-9512-2
JOHN, J., JOHN, S. & RAGHUNADHAN, T. (2020). Role of Media in Augmenting Violence in Adolescent Youth: An Indian Perspective. Journal of New Media and Mass Communication. 6(1), 12-19. https://doi.org/10.18488/journal.91.2020.61.12.19
KAPLAN, A. (2012). Violence in the Media: What Effects on Behavior? Psychiatric Times. 29(10). https:// www.psychiatrictimes.com/view/violence-media-what-effects-behavior [Date Accessed: 24/9/2022].
KEMPE, C.H., Silverman, F.N., STEELE, B.F., DROEGEMUELLER, W. & SILVER, H.K. (1962). The Battered Child Syndrome. Journal of the American Medical Association. 181, 17–24.
KHURANA, A., BLEAKLEY, A., ELLITHORPE, M.E., HENNESSY, M., JAMIESON, P.E. & WEITZ, I. (2019). Media Violence Exposure and Aggression in Adolescents: A Risk and Resilience Perspective. Aggressive Behavior. 45(1), 70-81. https://doi.org/10.1002/ab.21798
McCLOUD, E. (2017). Adolescent-to-Parent Violence and Abuse (APVA): An Investigation into Prevalence, Associations and Predictors in a Community Sample. Thesis (PhD). University of Portsmouth.
MOULDS, L.G. & DAY, A. (2017). Characteristics of Adolescent Violence Towards Parents- A Rapid Evidence Assessment. JACPR. 9(3), 195-209. https://doi.org/10.1108/JACPR-11-2016-0260
MOULDS, L., DAY, A., MILDRED, H., MILLER, P. & CASEY, S. (2016). Adolescent Violence Against Parents-The Known and Unknowns. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Family Therapy. 37(4), 547–557. https://doi.org/10.1002/anzf.1189
NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF MENTAL HEALTH. (1982). Television and Behavior: Ten Years of Scientific Progress and Implications for the Eighties. Vol. 1. Rockville, MD: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.
O’HARA, K.L., DUCHSCHERE, J.E., BECK, C.J.A. & LAWRENCE, E. (2017). Adolescent-to-Parent Violence: Translating Research into Effective Practice. Adolescent Res Rev. 2, 181–198. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40894-016-0051-y
PATERSON, R., LUNTZ, H., PERLESZ, A. & COTTON, S. (2013). Adolescent Violence Against Parents: Maintaining Family Connections When the Going Gets Tough. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Family Therapy. 23(2), 90-100. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1467-8438.2002.tb00493.x
PEREIRA, R., LOINAZ, I., DEL HOYO-BILBAO, J., ARROSPIDE, J., BERTINO, L., CALVO, A., MONTES, Y. & GUTIÉRREZ, M. (2017). Proposal for a Definition of Child-to-Parent Violence: Consensus of the Spanish Society for the Study of Child-to-Parent Violence (SEVIFIP). Pap. Psicólogo. 38(3), 216–223. https://doi.org/10.23923/pap.psicol2017.2839
ROUTT, G. & ANDERSON, L. (2011). Adolescent Violence Against Parents. Journal of Aggression, Maltreatment & Trauma. 20(1), 1-19. https://doi.org/10.1080/10926771.2011.537595
SANDERS, R. (2020). ESSS Outline: Adolescent to Parent Violence and Abuse (APVA). Iriss. https://doi.org/10.31583/esss.20200311
SEIJO, D., VÁZQUEZ, M.J., GALLEGO, R., GANCEDO, Y. & NOVO, M. (2020). Adolescent-to-Parent Violence: Psychological and Family Adjustment. Front. Psychol. 11:573728. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.573728
SIMMONS, M., McEWAN, T.E., PURCELL, R. & OGLOFF, J.R. (2018). Sixty Years of Child-to-Parent Abuse Research: What We Know and Where to Go. Aggress. Violent Behav. 38, 31–52. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.avb.2017.11.001
STRAUS, M.A. (1979). Measuring Intrafamily Conflict and Violence: The Conflict Tactics (CT) Scales. J. Marriage Fam. 41(1), 75–88. https://doi.org/10.2307/351733
TURGUT, M. (Ed.) (2013). Türkiye Ergen Profili Araştırması TEPA 2013. T.C. Aile ve Sosyal Politikalar Bakanlığı Aile ve Toplum Hizmetleri Genel Müdürlüğü. ISBN: 978-605-4628-56-8.
UNITED NATIONS CHILDREN’S FUND. (n.d.). Guidelines for Journalists Reporting on Children [online]. https://www.unicef.org/eca/media/ethical-guidelines [Date Accessed: 8/9/2022].
UNITED NATIONS CHILDREN’S FUND. (2017). A Familiar Face: Violence in the Lives of Children and Adolescents [online]. https://data.unicef.org/resources/a-familiar-face/ [Date Accessed: 8/9/2022].
WALKER, L.E. (1977). Who Are the Battered Women? Frontiers: A Journal of Women Studies. 2(1), 52-57. https://doi.org/10.2307/3346107
WILCOX, P. (2012). Is Parent Abuse a Form of Domestic Violence? Social Policy and Society. 11(02), 277-288. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1474746411000613
WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION. (2001). The Second Decade: Improving Adolescent Health and Development [online]. http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/64320/WHO_FRH_ADH_98.18_Rev.1.pdf;jsessionid=7A600C54F-22132CA2005AEAC39EBE2E9?sequence=1 / [Date Accessed: 12/9/2022].
WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION. (2020). Youth Violence [online]. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/youth-violence [Date Accessed: 12/9/2022].
YASUNTİMUR, A. & ÖĞÜNÇ, G.İ. (2022). Bireysel Silahlanma ve Şiddet: Ateşli Silah Şiddetinin Güncel Durumu. Güvenlik Bilimleri Dergisi. 11(1), 167-200. https://doi.org/10.28956/gbd.1068063
YBARRA, M.L., MITCHELL, K.J. & OPPENHEIM, J.K. (2022). Violent Media in Childhood and Seriously Violent Behavior in Adolescence and Young Adulthood. Journal of Adolescent Health. 71, 285-292.
İndir
Yayınlanmış
Nasıl Atıf Yapılır
Sayı
Bölüm
Lisans
Telif Hakkı (c) 2023 Holistence Publications
Bu çalışma Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License ile lisanslanmıştır.
Yazarlar, makale Journal of Awareness’de yayınlanmak üzere kabul edildiğinde.makalenin içeriğindeki tüm telif haklarını, Rating Academy Ar-Ge Yazılım Yayıncılık Eğitim Danışmanlık ve Organizasyon Ticaret Ltd. Şti’ne devrederler. Yazarlar, patent hakları gibi telif hakkı dışındaki tüm mülkiyet haklarını saklı tutar.
Bu makalede yazar olarak listelenen herkes çalışmaya önemli, doğrudan, entelektüel katkılar yapmış olmalı ve bunun için kamu sorumluluğu almalıdır.
Bu makale daha once yayınlanmamış ve başka dergilerde yayınlanmak üzere gönderilmemiştir.