Gender discrimination, glass ceiling and other obstacles faced by women in society

Rameen Masood; Aylin Erdoğdu

doi:10.15637/jlecon.2246

Yazarlar

Rameen Masood İstanbul Arel Üniversitesi / Türkiye https://orcid.org/0009-0001-5124-0755
Aylin Erdoğdu İstanbul Arel Üniversitesi / Türkiye https://orcid.org/0009-0004-2565-4542

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15637/jlecon.2246

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Gender Discrimination- Glass Ceiling- Gender Inequality- Gender Wage Gap

Özet

Glass ceiling refers to the barriers that women face in advancing up the hierarchy at their organizations. It encompasses the hardships and hurdles that women face when they try to ascend the professional ladder to reach the top levels within their professional horizons. The repercussions (for women) resulting from its existence are quite evident; yet they are not talked about much. Women in Germany, Turkey, Pakistan, and many other countries suffer from the detrimental effects of this phenomenon. In this study, the underlying causes of the glass ceiling and gender discrimination are uncovered, alongside the numerous consequences faced by women due to gender inequality that engulfs their ambitions into oblivion.

İndirmeler

İndirme verileri henüz mevcut değil.

Referanslar

ADAMOVIC, M., & LEIBBRANDT, A. (2022). Is there a glass ceiling for ethnic minorities to enter leadership positions? Evidence from a field experiment with over 12,000 job applications, The Leadership Quarterly, 34(2), 1-13.

ADAMSAND, R. B., & FERREIRA, D. (2009). Breaking the Glass Ceiling: The Effect of Gender Diversity on Administration Quarterly, 39(3)

AHERN, K. R., DITTMAR, A. K., & XU, Y. (2020). Breaking the Glass Ceiling: Gender Diversity and Firm Performance in the UK Context. The British Accounting Review and Critical Review to Inform Higher Education Research. Research in Higher Education, 50(5), 460–482.

BAKKER, M. (2016). The Glass Ceiling Effect on Women's Career Advancement in the Hospitality Industry. Journal of Human Resources in Hospitality & Tourism

BERTRAND, M. (n.d.). The glass ceiling. Coase Lecture, London School of Economics.

BERTRAND, M., BLACK, S. E., JENSEN, S. C., & LLERAS-MUNEY, A. (2017). The Glass Ceiling Effect: Evidence from Executive Compensation. The Review of Economic Studies Boardroom Performance. The American Economic Review, 1-10.

BOERI, T., SEVERGNINI, B., & STABILE, M. (2021). Earnings Inequality and the Glass Ceiling: Evidence from European Countries. Journal of Labor Economics Business Source Premier.

CARVALHO, I., COSTA, C., LYKKE, N., & TORRES, A. (2019). Beyond the glass ceiling: Gendering tourism ceiling in qatar’s public sector. Elsevier Ltd.

CHEN, Y., KIM, S., & LIANG, B. (2018). The Influence of Organizational Culture on the Glass Ceiling Effect. Journal of Leadership & Organizational Studies

CHENG, M., & KU, K. Y. (2021). The Glass Ceiling and Gender Pay Gap: An Analysis of the Financial Services Industry. Journal of Business Ethics.

COHEN, J. A., DALTON, D. W., HOLDER-WEBB, L., & MCMILLAN, J. J. (2020). An Analysis of Glass Ceiling Composition Matter? RSF: The Russell Sage Foundation Journal of the Social Sciences, 2(4), 194.

DE BEAUVOIR, S., & PARSHLEY, H. M. (1949). The Second Sex. https://cds.cern.ch/record/2728998 doctors_a qualitative narrative inquiry. Pakistan Medical Association.

DOWNING, K. (2022). A glass ceiling smashed? Reflecting on gender equity in the discipline of history. Canadian Journal of Economics, 48(2), 529–560. https://doi.org/10.1111/caje.12135 C

EAGLY, A. H., & CARLI, L. L. (2007). The Glass Ceiling: Domestic and International Perspectives. Gender and Social Psychology Belief in the American Dream. American Journal of Political Science, 60(4), 1006–1025.

FENDLER, W. (2016). Breaking the Glass Ceiling on Wikipedia. Feminist Review, 113(1), 103–108. https://doi.org/10.1057/fr.2016.9

FERNANDEZ, R. M., & CAMPERO, S. (2017). Gender Sorting and the Glass Ceiling in High-Tech Firms. ILR Review, 70(1), 73-104.

FERNANDEZ, R. M., & RUBINEAU, B. (2019). Network Recruitment and the Glass Ceiling: Evidence from Two Firms, RSF: The Russell Sage Foundation Journal of the Social Sciences, 5(3), 88-102