JOURNAL OF LIFE ECONOMICS

Gender discrimination, glass ceiling and other obstacles faced by women in society

Rameen Masood, Aylin Erdoğdu — Wed, 31 Jan 2024 00:00:00 +0300

Glass ceiling refers to the barriers that women face in advancing up the hierarchy at their organizations. It encompasses the hardships and hurdles that women face when they try to ascend the professional ladder to reach the top levels within their professional horizons. The repercussions (for women) resulting from its existence are quite evident; yet they are not talked about much. Women in Germany, Turkey, Pakistan, and many other countries suffer from the detrimental effects of this phenomenon. In this study, the underlying causes of the glass ceiling and gender discrimination are uncovered, alongside the numerous consequences faced by women due to gender inequality that engulfs their ambitions into oblivion.

Beyond interaction: Generative AI in conversational marketing - foundations, developments, and future directions

Khalil Israfilzade, Nuraddin Sadili — Wed, 31 Jan 2024 00:00:00 +0300

This paper explores the integration of Generative Artificial Intelligence (AI) in conversational marketing, transitioning from traditional marketing to interactive, customer-centric strategies. It examines the shift from one-way communication to dynamic, AI-driven interactions that personalize customer experiences. Central to this study is how Generative AI facilitates real-time, tailored dialogues between brands and customers, enhancing customer engagement and satisfaction. The paper also addresses the challenges and ethical considerations of using anthropomorphic AI in marketing, balancing human-like AI traits with user expectations. Additionally, it presents a novel framework that conceptualizes the combination of Generative AI and anthropomorphism in conversational marketing into four distinct quadrants, providing a comprehensive analysis of their potential interplay. Conclusively, it offers strategic insights for leveraging AI in marketing while adhering to ethical practices, highlighting the potential of Generative AI to transform customer engagement in the digital age. This research has two important consequences. Practically, it offers valuable insights and strategic recommendations for businesses aiming to integrate Generative AI into their conversational marketing practices effectively. Theoretically, it contributes to the academic discourse by highlighting the transformative role of Generative AI in marketing, suggesting avenues for future research in this rapidly evolving field. This study provides a brief overview of the evolving role of AI in modern marketing strategies, emphasizing the future potential and implications of AI-driven conversational marketing.

The effect of digitalisation level on digital banking practices in the banking sector

Tuğba Bilcan, Nur Dilbaz Alacahan — Wed, 31 Jan 2024 00:00:00 +0300

The banking sector is constantly developing and changing. This sector, where different changes continue every day, also introduces many innovations on digitalisation by combining with developing technologies. It is aimed to measure the level of knowledge of individuals in Turkey on this subject and the level of use of digitalised bank innovations. The study will be aimed at contributing to the banking sector by revealing the innovations developed in digital transformation in this field. The aim of the study is to explain the importance of digitalisation in the banking sector thanks to today's rapidly changing technology. After examining the innovations of digital banking in Turkey and revealing the current situation, it is tried to investigate the effect of digitalisation on customers. It is one of the pioneering studies in terms of identifying digitalised banks among the studies conducted in Turkey. The quantitative research was carried out in an online environment and is limited to people who have access to the internet and use computers or smart mobile phones. The quantitative research is limited to the "Level of Knowledge and Degree of Trust Questionnaire Form".

In the study, the use of digital banking in Turkey was analysed according to the average age, gender and educational status of individuals. The independent variable is the use of digital banking. The dependent variable is the difference in usage rates according to the average age, gender and educational status of individuals in Turkey. 301 people were surveyed and the level of digital banking usage of individuals in terms of age, gender, education, etc. was analysed. Individuals use mobile banking application as the majority. Considering the bank preferences, the intensity of use of Ziraat and Garanti banks is high. At the end of the findings, individuals have carried out many transactions such as money transfers, payments, etc. through digital banks. The rate of using bank applications for 4-7 years is increasing even more. Individuals have concentrated on digital banking in this band of years. When using bank applications, they want them to perform their transactions safely. The ease of use increases the preference for digital banking. Considering the frequency of use, almost 45.5% use it every day. These transactions are mostly preferred in the afternoon. 95% recommenthe applications they use to others.80.4% of individuals think that new career planning will be made with new changes in the banking sector. 82.4% of individuals think that digital banking will not bring new workload. 86.5% of individuals have sufficient training on digital banking. 87.9% of individuals think that there will be competition between banks. 89.33% of the individuals think that new professional groups will be formed. In this case, new models will emerge. The issue of trust is fully instilled.