The role of digitalization in today’s art: A perspective from NFT and artificial intelligence
Abstract views: 647
/ 
PDF downloads: 0
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31566/arts.2291Keywords:
Art, Digitalization, New media, NFT, Artificial intelligenceAbstract
Digital technologies have increased our ability to process images. Artists in the past had fewer tools at their disposal to create their artworks. There is a revolution in art today thanks to development of computer technologies. Activities of artists using new technological tools that emerge with digitalization can be defined as digital art. All branches of art where art and technology combine are within the scope of digital art. The main difference between traditional art and digital art is the medium where the artwork is created. In traditional art, a musician uses a musical instrument to display his work, or a painter produces his work with canvas and brush. In digital art, this occurs using technological devices. Many applications, from digital graphic arrangements to video installations, from virtual realities to artificial intelligence applications, fall within the scope of digital art.
This article's goals are to investigate how technology has affected art throughout history and to look at how digital art is created and sold. In this article, the impact of artificial intelligence on today's art and artists will be examined. NFTs, another controversial artwork of today, will be focused on and information will be given about the variants of these new technologies in today's art. Literature review and compilation were chosen as the method. According to the findings, artists who closely follow technological developments are the pioneers of the digitalization and dissemination of art. With the evolution of artificial intelligence from its first applications to the present day, artificial intelligence has now turned into a productive tool that can produce works that have never existed before, beyond being just an algorithm. In addition, it has been observed that, thanks to NFTs, digital art can escape the authority of art institutions, create its own autonomous space in a decentralized environment, and present itself as a digital asset open to everyone.
Downloads
References
ANADOL, R. (2021) ‘Machine Hallucinations - Nature Dreams’. Berlin: König Galerie. Available at: https://refikanadol.com/works/machine-hallucinations-nature-dreams/ (Accessed: 14 November 2023).
ANTE, L. (2021) ‘The non-fungible token (NFT) market and its relationship with Bitcoin and Ethereum’ Blockchain Research Lab, 20. Artland Magazine (2023) ‘What is dadaism, dada art, or a dadaist?’ Available at: https://magazine.artland.com/what-is-dadaism/ (Accessed: 19 November 2023).
BALKIR, S. (2020) ‘Art-Artist and Art Work as a Meta Object’, Journal of Arts, 3(1), pp. 31–44. Available at: htttps://doi.org/10.31566/arts.3.004.
BODEN, M.A. (1998) ‘Creativity and artificial intelligence’, Artificial Intelligence, 103(1), pp. 347–356. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0004-3702(98)00055-1.
BOYART, P. (2020) Liberty Mural, opensea.io. Available at: https://opensea.io/assets/ethereum/0x41b459f1f57f8b043a5926e9b15446adf4f1110e/4 (Accessed: 21 November 2023).
CASCONE, S. (2016) Google’s ‘Inceptionism’ Art Sells Big at San Francisco Auction. Available at: https://news.artnet.com/market/google-inceptionism-art-sells-big-439352 (Accessed: 17 November 2023).
CHADWİCK, S. (2006) Introduction to Dada, Khan Academy. Available at: https://pl.khanacademy.org/humanities/art-1010/dada-and-surrealism/dada2/a/introduction-to-dada (Accessed: 21 November 2023).
Crypto Carbon Ratings Institute: CCRI (2022). Available at: carbon-ratings.com (Accessed: 25 December 2023).
DİGGİNS, S. (2015) Watch: How Andy Warhol’s Lost Computer Art Was Finally Found, stevediggins.com. Available at: http://stevediggins.com/2015/10/09/watch-how-andy-warhols-lost-computer-art-was-finallyfound/ (Accessed: 1 February 2024).
DİTRYCHOVÁ, T. & KOZÁKOVÁ, D. (2019) Art Law in Czech Republic, HAVEL & PARTNERS. Available at: https://www.havelpartners.com/art-law-in-czech-republic/ (Accessed: 2 February 2024).
DOWLING, M. (2022) ‘Is non-fungible token pricing driven by cryptocurrencies?’, Finance Research Letters, 44, p. 102097. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/J.FRL.2021.102097.
DÜZENLİ, K. & PERDAHÇI, N.Z. (2023a) ‘Metaverse ve NFT’nin Mimarlığa Etkileri: Geleceğin Yapıları Nasıl Şekillenecek?’, EKSEN Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi [Preprint]. Available at: https://doi.org/10.58317/EKSEN.1286569.
DÜZENLİ, K. & PERDAHÇI, N.Z. (2023b) ‘Teknolojinin Tasarım ve Sanat Pratiğine Etkisi: NFT ve Metaverse Örneği’, İdil Sanat ve Dil Dergisi, 109, pp. 1–14. Available at: https://doi.org/10.7816/idil-12-109-01.
ELIUSEEV, D. (2021) The 1984 Apple Macintosh, UX Collective. Available at: https://uxdesign.cc/the-1984-apple-macintosh-how-does-it-look-today-d08dde79da05 (Accessed: 1 February 2024).
ENNIS, P. (2021) NFT art: the bizarre world where burning a Banksy can make it more valuable, The Conversation. Available at: https://theconversation.com/nft-art-the-bizarre-world-where-burning-a-banksy-can-make-it-more-valuable-156605 (Accessed: 25 December 2023).
ERKAYHAN, Ş. & BELGESAY, M.Ç. (2014) ‘Teknoloji ve Sanatın Etkileşimi: Yeni Medya Sanatı Türkiye’de Güncel Durum ve Öneriler’, Sanat ve Tasarım Dergisi, 1(14), pp. 45–62. Available at: https://doi.org/10.18603/STD.57178.
ERSÖZ KARAKULAKOĞLU, S. & DEMİR ASKEROĞLU, E. (2018) ‘A Study on Transforming Art and Generations Under the Influence of Digitalization’.
GROYS, B. (2017) ‘Akışta: İnternet Çağında Sanat’, KOÇ ÜNİVERSİTESİ YAYINLARI [Preprint]. Available at: https://press.ku.edu.tr/kitap/akista/ (Accessed: 14 November 2023).
HARTLMAIER, B. (2018) Künstliche Intelligenz: Christie’s versteigert Bild einer KI für 432.500 US-Dollar. Available at: https://www.gq-magazin.de/auto-technik/article/ki-generiertes-bild-bringt-432-500-dollar-ein (Accessed: 14 November 2023).
HERTZMANN, A. (2018) ‘Can Computers Create Art?’, Arts, 7(2). Available at: https://doi.org/10.3390/arts7020018.
Is artificial intelligence set to become art’s next medium? (2018) CHRISTIE’S. Available at: https://www.christies.com/en/stories/a-collaboration-between-two-artists-one-human-one-a-machine-0cd01f4e232f4279a525a446d60d4cd1 (Accessed: 23 November 2023).
KAREVA, L. (2020) Art and the Internet. Available at: https://spectate.ru/net-art-of-internet/ (Accessed: 13 November 2023).
MARSHALL, C. (2018) When Steve Jobs Taught Andy Warhol to Make Art on the Very First Macintosh, openculture.com. Available at: https://www.openculture.com/2018/09/steve-jobs-taught-andy-warhol-make-art-first-macintosh-1984.html (Accessed: 1 February 2024).
MAZZONE, M. & ELGAMMAL, A. (2019) ‘Art, Creativity, and the Potential of Artificial Intelligence’, Arts, 8(1). Available at: https://doi.org/10.3390/arts8010026.
MİROSHNICHENKO, M. (2021) What is digital art. Available at: https://postnauka.org/longreads/156882 (Accessed: 13 November 2023).
NAVEAU, M. (2020) ‘The Logic of Participation in Digital Art and Network Culture’, Shifting Interfaces: An Anthology of Presence, Empathy, and Agency in 21st-Century Media Arts [Preprint]. Available at: https://kunstuni-linz.at/The-Logic-of-Participation-in-Digital-Ar.19510+M54a708de802.0.html (Accessed: 19 November 2023).
NFT Market Statistics 2021-2023 (2023) metav.rs. Available at: https://metav.rs/blog/nft-market-statistics-2021-2023/ (Accessed: 22 December 2023).
ODUNCU, S. (2022) ‘Kripto Sanat Eserleri Üzerine Eleştirel Bir Değerlendirme ve Vandalizmin Eşiğindeki NFT Yaklaşımı’, Yedi, (28), pp. 67–81. Available at: https://doi.org/10.17484/yedi.1039170.
PAMPUTT (2018) File: Edmond de Belamy.png, Wikimedia Commons. Available at: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Edmond_de_Belamy.png (Accessed: 21 November 2023).
PAUL, C. (2023) Digital Art. Thames and Hudson Limited (World of Art). Available at: https://books.google.at/booksid=46K7EAAAQBAJ.
PREUSS, A. (2018) Banksy painting ‘self-destructs’ moments after being sold for $1.4 million, cnn.com. Available at: https://edition.cnn.com/style/article/banksy-painting-self-destructs-auction-trnd/index.html (Accessed: 14 November 2023).
SCHNEIDER, T. & REA, N. (2018) Has Artificial Intelligence Given Us the Next Great Art Movement? Experts Say Slow Down, the ‘Field Is in Its Infancy’. Available at: https://news.artnet.com/art-world/ai-art-comes-tomarket-is-it-worth-the-hype-1352011 (Accessed: 17 November 2023).
SHAW, A. (2021) ‘Art enthusiasts’ burn a Banksy print then sell it as an NFT, The Art Newspaper. Available at: https://www.theartnewspaper.com/2021/03/04/artenthusiasts-burn-a-banksy-print-then-sell-it-as-an-nft (Accessed: 25 December 2023).
TabTrader Team (2023) Ethereum’un En Büyük Rakipleri: Solana vs Cardano vs Polkadot, tabtrader.com. Available at: https://tabtrader.com/tr/academy/articles/top-eth-rivals-solana-vs-cardano-vs-polkadot-vs-ethereum (Accessed: 25 December 2023).
UPADHYAY, S. (2021) Ai-Da has an existential crisis., medium.com. Available at: https://medium.com/@thunder-blip/ai-da-has-an-existential-crisis-26a2df13a12a (Accessed: 21 November 2023).
VARGÜN, Ö. (2023) ‘Transformation of technology and art: Digital art’, Journal of Arts, 6(1), pp. 49–54. Available at: https://doi.org/10.31566/arts.1968.
WANDS, B. (2006) ‘Art of the digital age’, in. Available at: https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:191250085.
What is Blockchain Technology? (2023). Available at: https://www.ibm.com/topics/blockchain (Accessed: 14 November 2023).
YAZICIOĞLU, D.A. (2011) ‘Bilgisayar Teknolojilerinin Günümüz Tasarım Anlayışına Olan Etkileri’, Sanat Tasarım Dergisi, pp. 5–18. Available at: https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/1202 (Accessed: 18 April 2023).
YURDABAK, M.K. (2022) ‘NFT: A New Perspective in Digital Art and A Review on the Opportunities It Brings’, Nişantaşı Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 10(1), pp. 143–153. Available at: https://doi.org/10.52122/nisantasisbd.1107687
Additional Files
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Holistence Publications
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
When the article is accepted for publication in the Journal of Arts, authors transfer all copyright in the article to the Rating Academy Ar-Ge Yazılım Yayıncılık Eğitim Danışmanlık ve Organizasyon Ticaret Ltd. Şti.The authors reserve all proprietary right other than copyright, such as patent rights.
Everyone who is listed as an author in this article should have made a substantial, direct, intellectual contribution to the work and should take public responsibility for it.
This paper contains works that have not previously published or not under consideration for publication in other journals.
