THE NEW METHOD (JADIDISM) MOVEMENT IN TSARIST RUSSIA

Abstract

Jadidism or New Method (in especially in the field of education) Movement was a cultural movement that spreads in Central Asia between last decade of 19 th century and the first quarter of 20 th century. That cultural movement assign itself a special mission; helping society in its struggle with illeteracy and backwardness. In order to continue this mission European modernisation practice choosen as a model. But it has also a reaction to Modernism and Western Civilizations cohersive power. Because of loosing superiority in the military, political, cultural and economic fields a huge skock shakes the Muslim state and society. In order to elaborate that unwanted situation intelectuals and the state bureaucracy focus on alternative solutions. New Method was one of that possible solution options. A prominent figure of New Method School, İsmail Gaspıralı, expresses that reform in the education system was the best option. As a result of his efforts Mew Method was born and spread to all of the Muslim regions of Central Asia. But the movements attempts failed because of the internal and external dynamics of the region.

Keywords: Jadidism, New Method, Tsarist Russia