ECO-POETICS OF CHARLES OLSON: AN ECOCRITICAL STUDY ON "THE KINGFISHERS"

Melis MÜLAZIMOĞLU

doi:10.33390/homeros.4.2.02

Yazarlar

Melis MÜLAZIMOĞLU Ege University/TURKEY https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3805-8019

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33390/homeros.4.2.02

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Amerikan şiiri- çevreci eleştiri- izdüşümsel şiir

Özet

Bu çalışma, ünlü Amerikan Modernist şair Charles Olson’un “The Kingfishers” (1949) başlıklı şiirini çevreci-eleştiri bağlamında ele almaktadır. Olson, Amerikan şiir geleneğinde çevreci şair yahut bir doğa yazarı olarak tanınmaz ancak eserleri çevreci-eleştiri bağlamında ele alınmaya oldukça müsaittir. Çevreci-eleştiri, bir edebiyat kuramı ve eleştiri metodu olarak Batı yazınında ses getirmeye 1990’larda başlayarak, Glotfelty ve Fromm’un ifadesiyle “edebiyat ve fiziki çevre arasındaki etkileşimin incelenmesi” şeklinde açıklanmıştır (Glotfelty ve Fromm, eds., 1996: xviii). Daha sonrasında ise, insan-merkezli dünya görüşünden ziyade doğa-merkezli bir yapıya dönüşerek, çevre-insan-doğa bağlamındaki organik etkileşim, değişim, dönüşüm ve sürdürülebilirlik üzerinde durarak, canlı olan ve olmayan tüm cinslerin etkileşimini kapsayan bir bakış açısına hizmet etmeye başlamıştır. Öte yandan, Olson’un şiiriyle çevreci-eleştiriyi birleştiren nokta ise, şairin eserlerinde altını çizdiği bir takım hedeflerin, yine bu eleştirel tutumun amaçlarıyla paralellik göstermesidir: Olson herşeyden önce Batı’nın doğayı sessizleştirip metalaştıran logos-mantık merkezli düşünce sistemine karşıdır. Amerika kıtasında tarih öncesi zamanlarda yaşamış insan ve canlı türlerine sahip çıkar. Kendi doğduğu Gloucester yöresinin zoolojik ve botonik yapısını inceler ama bununla yetinmeyip bu bölgesel tutumunu küresel boyuta taşır. Kısacası, bu çalışma şiir sanatı ve çevrebilimsel eleştiriyi bir araya getirerek, Olson’un “The Kingfishers” başlıklı uzun şiirinde “bir yaşam alanı olarak nazım,” “biyo-bölgeselcilik” ile “bileşik sistem yapısı ve rizom kuramı”gibi terimler üzerinden “İzdüşümsel Şiir” ekolüne çevreci-eleştiri lensinden bakarak her iki alanın etkileşimine hizmet ederek edebi ve kültürel yapının sürdürülebilmesini hedeflemektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Çevreci-eleştiri, izdüşümsel şiir, doğa, mekan, Amerikan şiiri.

İndirmeler

İndirme verileri henüz mevcut değil.

Referanslar

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ECO-POETICS OF CHARLES OLSON: AN ECOCRITICAL STUDY ON "THE KINGFISHERS"

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