THE CENTRAL BANKS FROM PAST TO PRESENT AND AN EXAMPLE OF MODERN CENTRAL BANKING: THE EUROPEAN CENTRAL BANK

Abstract

In this study, based on the European Central Bank, the historical development process/period of central banks will be informed and the structure of Federal Reserve Bank (FED) will be discussed briefly. Besides, the establishment of the European Central Bank, its objectives, tasks, organizational structure, independence, monetary policy strategy, monetary policy instruments, payment systems and its seigniorage revenues will be analyzed. In addition, the National Central Banks, the European System of Central Banks, the Eurosystem and TARGET/TARGET2 will be discussed. In this way, European Central Bank's structural, legal and technical infrastructure will be analyzed because it is an important institution in providing of Economic and Monetary Union.