A qualitative examination of the knowledge, experiences, and communication strategies of nurses working in neonatal and pediatric units regarding child development and care

Abstract

This study was conducted to explore in depth the knowledge, experiences, and communication strategies of nurses working in neonatal and pediatric units regarding child development and care. A qualitative research design was employed, and the study was structured within a phenomenological framework. The participants consisted of 16 nurses working in neonatal and pediatric services. Data were collected through a semi-structured interview form developed by the researchers and analyzed using thematic analysis. The findings revealed that nurses used a combination of physical contact, verbal and emotional communication, play-based and developmentally supportive approaches, and professional caregiving attitudes while interacting with children. Professional competence appeared to emerge from undergraduate education and to be further strengthened through in-service training and clinical experience. Although current care approaches were generally perceived as beneficial, the findings also indicated a need for more systematic support for their implementation in clinical settings. Developmental characteristics of children, communication difficulties, and family-related factors were identified as major challenges affecting the care process. In contrast, empathetic, clear, and feedback-oriented communication with parents was found to strengthen the quality of care. Overall, the study highlights that developmental sensitivity, family-centered care, and effective communication constitute core components of nursing practice in neonatal and pediatric settings.