The role of functional foods in health policies: An evaluation through the case of Aronia

Abstract

Aim: This article aims to explore the growing global and local interest in Aronia melanocarpa within the context of functional foods, focusing on its relevance to health policies and health outcomes. Materials and Methods: The literature review was conducted along the axes of the role of functional foods in health policies, their impact on nutrition and public health, and the specific position of Aronia melanocarpa within this framework. In addition, document analysis of current public service practices in Turkey was performed to evaluate existing health policy implementations. Result: From the perspective of health policies and their impact on healthcare systems, functional foods are considered part of preventive health services. They contribute to reducing healthcare expenditures and enabling more efficient use of resources. The functional food industry is characterized by dynamic growth and innovation, constantly introducing new products to the market. Consumption of antioxidant-rich foods has been associated with potential benefits in managing chronic diseases by reducing oxidative stress and inflammation. In this context, Aronia melanocarpa (black chokeberry), a relatively novel superfood, has attracted attention in both the food and health sectors due to its rich polyphenolic content and strong antioxidant properties. Studies have shown that Aronia melanocarpa may offer protective effects on cognitive function, blood pressure, and vascular health in healthy, middle-aged individuals with obesity, and may exhibit anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer properties. In Turkey, interest in this berry is steadily increasing among producers and the private sector. Grown in Yalova and recognized as a "health fruit" due to its antioxidant properties, Aronia melanocarpa has received a Geographical Indication Certificate owing to its distinctive qualities in terms of color, taste, and quality, attributed to the unique local climate, soil characteristics, and production methods. Conclusion: The evaluation based on the Aronia example strongly indicates that functional foods should be integrated as a strategic component of modern health policies.