Corrective rape as a tool of sexual repression: A literature review and case analysis from the world and Turkey

Abstract

Corrective rape is a form of sexual violence aimed predominantly at lesbian, transgender, and gender nonconforming individuals with the supposed intention of “curing” them of their sexual orientation or gender identity (Phiri, 2011). Despite increasing visibility through advocacy efforts and media coverage, academic discourse on this phenomenon remains insufficient and disproportionately focused on certain geographies. This literature review explores corrective rape as a global instrument of sexual oppression rooted in heteronormativity and patriarchy. Drawing from scholarly research, NGO reports, and journalistic accounts, it highlights recurring patterns in motives, societal and institutional responses, and psychological consequences. Particular attention is given to South Africa, India, and Ecuador, where the phenomenon has been most documented, alongside emerging but underreported cases in Türkiye. The review concludes that corrective rape operates as a mechanism of genderbased control sustained by cultural, religious, and institutional forces. It calls for a multidisciplinary response involving legal reform, public education, and community-based support structures to combat this form of violence.